Utilities

Geopolymer grout curtain for utility diversion works, Oxford

Challenge

High groundwater within loose Thames gravels required a watertight excavation for utility diversion beneath a congested road corridor, with minimal plant, no disruption to services, and strict programme constraints.

Solution

Geobear installed a geopolymer grout curtain using targeted injections to reduce permeability and stabilise granular soils, enabling safe excavation while maintaining programme, minimising plant requirements, and avoiding disruption to critical utilities.

628 injections

Installed to depths of up to 6.5m

+30t

Over 30 tonnes of geopolymer injected to form grout curtain

4-week programme

Completed with minimal disruption

Background

In 2022, Kier was appointed by Network Rail to deliver the £65m main works package at Oxford railway station as part of the Oxford Corridor Phase 2 Project, now known as Oxfordshire Connect, to significantly improve both facilities and capacity. The busy station is not only a key interchange serving the historic city and wider county, but also a vital part of the country’s freight network.

The first phase of the works to undertaking to transform the station is within Botley Road, one of the main routes in/out of the city, in preparation for replacing the existing railway bridge with a new structure, providing additional clearance to enable standard height double-decker buses to travel underneath the bridge without restriction, alongside new 4-metre-wide cycle paths and footways on both sides of the road.

Botley Road is not just an artery for traffic, but for utilities: water, gas, electricity, communications, all buried underneath the tarmac. A water main running along Botley Road, serving 60,000 residents, was required to be replaced.



 

Challenge

Civils Contractor Carey’s were contracted to undertake the diversion of the utilities below Botley Road. Due to the geology in the area with Thames River gravels and a high water table, excavation of the area required to divert the utilities required a grout curtain to be constructed to prevent water ingress whilst excavating the area.

Key issues included:

  • Trench sheets were the only option to support the excavation, due to the volume of buried services.
  • Loose gravel with a high water table throughout the works area.
  • Congested work area required solution with minimal plant.
  • Quick curing solution that could meet a tight programme due to previous delays in scheme.

Solution

Engineers deployed a pioneering ground strengthening and water ingress reduction technique that could be injected within close proximity to buried utilities without the need for major excavation due to the high water table.

The solution involved:

Water Ingress Reduction Grout Curtain:
The engineered solution utilised Geobear's specialist geopolymer resin, injected through a series of small-diameter (12mm) injection tubes, drilled down to the clay level and injected at pre-determined intervals from clay level back up to 1.5m below ground level.

Injections were set out on a pre-determined staggered grid pattern with 3 rows of injection to create the curtain around each excavation area. The geopolymer treatment design for the eastern and western sections of the work are shown in Figures 2 and 3 respectively.

Figure 2

fig-3

Figure 3

figure-4

A schematic cross section of the design is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4

ox-plan

Upon injection, the expanding resin permeated the surrounding ground, filling voids, fissures, and permeable pathways within the soil matrix to form a continuous low-permeability curtain. Figure 5 shows the excavation works in progress.

Figure 5: Trench excavation works

site-oxford

 

 

Results

Project Delivery

The works were completed during a 4 week programme.

Key engineering statistics:

  • Over 600 drilled holes to a depth of up to 6.5m bgl
  • Over 600 injection tubes installed
  • 23 km of injection tubing used
  • Over 30 tonnes of grout injected
  • Provided a reduction in permeability in the order of a target of 100m³ abstraction per 24 hours

These works were carried out with minimal plant on site, enabling other works around to be carried out in conjunction with Geobear works in order to not delay the programme.



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